01724nas a2200157   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042100001900055700002200074700002100096700002200117245005800139856004800197490000700245520131400252       2022                            d  c03/2022 1 aKamil Korzekwa1 aZbigniew Puchała1 aMarco Tomamichel1 aKarol Życzkowski00aEncoding classical information into quantum resources  uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2022.31574400 v683 a<p>We introduce and analyse the problem of encoding classical information into different resources of a quantum state. More precisely, we consider a general class of communication scenarios characterised by encoding operations that commute with a unique resource destroying map and leave free states invariant. Our motivating example is given by encoding information into coherences of a quantum system with respect to a fixed basis (with unitaries diagonal in that basis as encodings and the decoherence channel as a resource destroying map), but the generality of the framework allows us to explore applications ranging from super-dense coding to thermodynamics. For any state, we find that the number of messages that can be encoded into it using such operations in a one-shot scenario is upper-bounded in terms of the information spectrum relative entropy between the given state and its version with erased resources. Furthermore, if the resource destroying map is a twirling channel over some unitary group, we find matching one-shot lower-bounds as well. In the asymptotic setting where we encode into many copies of the resource state, our bounds yield an operational interpretation of resource monotones such as the relative entropy of coherence and its corresponding relative entropy variance.</p>